Issue 18, 2009

Supercapacitors based on hybrid carbon nanofibers containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Hybrid carbon nanofibers containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were produced by electrospinning CNTs suspended in a solution of polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide, followed by carbonization and activation using a hydroperoxide–water steam mixture at 650 °C. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology of the CNT-embedded carbon nanofibers. The specific surface area of the nanofibers was measured using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. The electrochemical properties of the nanofibers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and galvanotactic charge/discharge in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The specific capacitance of electric double-layer capacitors containing CNT-embedded carbon nanofibers as electrodes reached 310 F g−1, which is almost double that obtained for capacitors containing virgin carbon nanofibers as electrodes. The CNTs embedded in the carbonized electrospun nanofibers provide improved conductive pathways for charge transfer in the electrodes and therefore lead to a significantly enhanced specific capacitance.

Graphical abstract: Supercapacitors based on hybrid carbon nanofibers containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Nov 2008
Accepted
03 Feb 2009
First published
17 Mar 2009

J. Mater. Chem., 2009,19, 2810-2816

Supercapacitors based on hybrid carbon nanofibers containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Q. Guo, X. Zhou, X. Li, S. Chen, A. Seema, A. Greiner and H. Hou, J. Mater. Chem., 2009, 19, 2810 DOI: 10.1039/B820170F

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