Designing a highly bioactive 3D bone-regenerative scaffold by surface immobilization of nano-hydroxyapatite
Abstract
A novel approach to the fabrication of porous scaffolds with surface-immobilized nano-hydroxyapatite (N-HAp) is developed for effective bone tissue engineering. The discrete nano-level anchoring of N-HAp on the pore surface of chitosan scaffolds is achieved using surface-repellent stable colloidal N-HAp with surface phosphate functionality.