Pesticide vapours in confined atmospheres. Determination of dichlorvos by SPME-GC-MS at the µg m−3 level

Abstract

A method based on SPME is described for assessing the gaseous dichlorvos concentration in confined atmospheres like a greenhouse after a pesticide application. Sampling was made by using SPME with PDMS fibres immersed into a 250 mL sampling flask into which air samples were dynamically pumped from the analysed atmosphere. Sampling duration was 40 min and samples were then analysed by GC-MS. Calibration was performed from a vapour saturated air sample and gas phase diluted samples, and this procedure afforded a curve with a regression coefficient (R²) higher than 0.98. The repeatability of these measurements was observed with an RSD of 2.5%. This analysis procedure was then applied for the determination of gaseous dichlorvos concentrations versus time, in the atmosphere of an experimental 8 m² and 20 m³ greenhouse. The pesticide was sprayed according to real cultivation conditions and measurements were made from 2 up to 74 h after application affording observed concentrations in the range of decades and hundreds of µg m⁻³ (corresponding limits of detection and quantification were found at the level of a few µg m⁻³).