A DFT/TDDFT study on the effect of CN substitution on color tuning and phosphorescence efficiency of a series of Ir(iii) complexes with phosphine-silanolate ligands

Abstract

A DFT/TDDFT investigation was performed on the electronic structures, absorption and emission spectra, as well as the phosphorescence efficiency of [(ppy)₂Ir(P^SiO)] (1) and the derivatives (1a, 1b, 1c and 1d) with CN-substitution at different positions in ppy ligands, as well as [(dfppy)₂Ir(P^SiO)] (2) [where ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, dfppy = 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine and (P^SiO) is an organosilanolate ancillary chelate]. The calculated results reveal that the introduction of CN leads to a significant red shift for 1a–1d in absorption spectra compared with that of 1. Moreover, the CN substitution at different positions on C^N ligands may be an efficient approach towards tuning emitting color. 1b, 1c, and 1d lead to a blue shift of emission spectra compared with 1, while an obvious red shift is observed for 1a. The high quantum yield of 1 (0.90) compared to 2 (0.59) is explained based on the S₁–T_n splitting energies and energy gap between ³MLCT/π–π* and ³MC d–d states, and the evaluation of the radiative and nonradiative rate constants for all the complexes is also studied. The designed complexes 1a, 1c and 1d are expected to be potential phosphorescence emitters in OLEDs with high quantum efficiency.