Issue 22, 2015

Singlet and triplet excitons and charge polarons in cycloparaphenylenes: a density functional theory study

Abstract

The conformational structure and the electronic properties of various electronic excitations in cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) are calculated using hybrid density functional theory (DFT). The results demonstrate that wavefunctions of singlet and triplet excitons as well as the positive and negative polarons remain fully delocalized in CPPs. In contrast, these excitations in larger CPP molecules become localized on several phenyl rings, which are locally planarized, while the undeformed ground state geometry is preserved on the rest of the hoop. As evidenced by the measurements of bond-length alternation and dihedral angles, localized regions show stronger hybridization between neighboring bonds and thus enhanced electronic communication. This effect is even more significant in the smaller hoops, where phenyl rings have strong quinoid character in the ground state. Thus, upon excitation, electron–phonon coupling leads to the self-trapping of the electronic wavefunction and release of energy from fractions of an eV up to two eVs, depending on the type of excitation and the size of the hoop. The impact of such localization on electronic and optical properties of CPPs is systematically investigated and compared with the available experimental measurements.

Graphical abstract: Singlet and triplet excitons and charge polarons in cycloparaphenylenes: a density functional theory study

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
26 Mar 2015
Accepted
30 Apr 2015
First published
14 May 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015,17, 14613-14622

Singlet and triplet excitons and charge polarons in cycloparaphenylenes: a density functional theory study

J. Liu, L. Adamska, S. K. Doorn and S. Tretiak, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015, 17, 14613 DOI: 10.1039/C5CP01782C

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