Determination of benzo[a]pyrene in smoked foods by high-performance liquid chromatography based on magnetic solid phase extraction

Abstract

In this study, a sensitive and practical method for the determination of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in smoked foods with HPLC-FLD was developed. In order to improve the detection limit of HPLC-FLD, we prepared magnetic nanoparticles with monomers of 4,4′-bipyridine and cyanuric chloride (Fe₃O₄@TCLN) used as a sorbent in magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) to extract trace BaP from the samples. The recovery was 94.74% for BaP, and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.09 μg kg⁻¹ and 0.28 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. As a result of BaP analysis from real smoked foods, the average BaP content was 5.68 μg kg⁻¹ and the highest content of BaP was 6.12 μg kg⁻¹. The developed method could be potentially used for the determination of BaP in food safety analysis and monitoring.