Determination of 226Ra in biological samples by adsorption on specific adsorbers

Abstract

The determination of ²²⁶Ra in biological samples, such as milk and grass, was studied. ²²⁶Ra analysis of cow’s milk was studied starting from de-fatted milk. The proteins were eliminated by coagulation of the colloidal phase with trichloroacetic acid. Phosphorus was then removed by precipitating it as molybdophosphate and finally adsorption was carried out by using two different adsorbers in order to concentrate and purify radium. Lead rhodizonate (LEHRO) adsorbed on charcoal and partially reduced tin dioxide (PRTD) were utilised. A method for the determination of ²²⁶Ra in grass ashes was also investigated. The main interference, due to magnesium, hinders the use of LERHO, so the proposed procedure is based on adsorption of radium on PRTD at pH 9.5. The magnesium concentration was depleted by precipitating barium (carrier) and radium with calcium carbonate at pH 8 before the adsorption step. The high phosphorus concentration in grass also interferes in the determination of ²²⁶Ra; phosphorus was eliminated as above via molybdophosphate precipitation. The radium was carried by barium and spiked with ¹³³Ba. The yield of the chemical procedure was evaluated on the basis of ¹³³Ba activity. Radium samples were α-counted and the activity was evaluated with a suitable calibration curve. Both exchangers in the milk analysis and PRTD in grass analysis were shown to be helpful in order to set up an easily performed procedure, which allows many samples to be processed simultaneously. All the methods adopted were shown to be very sensitive. Under the experimental conditions used, with 1 L of milk or 5 g of grass ashes, the limit was about 3 mBq ²²⁶Ra L⁻¹ milk and <1 mBq ²²⁶Ra g⁻¹ grass ashes.