Goat milk derived small extracellular vesicles ameliorate LPS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway

Abstract

Intestinal injury is often accompanied by epithelial barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Previous research studies have demonstrated that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from animal milk play a crucial role in regulating intestinal injury. Nonetheless, there has been limited research on the impact of goat milk sEVs on intestinal damage. This study aims to explore the functional differences between proteins in colostrum-derived sEVs (CME) and mature milk-derived sEVs (MME) from goat and elucidate their effects and mechanisms on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury in IEC-6. Proteomic analysis revealed that both CME and MME are rich in various bioactive proteins that have regulatory effects on cell damage. CME and MME significantly improved LPS-induced IEC-6 barrier dysfunction and oxidative stress. Additionally, CME and MME alleviated LPS-induced IEC-6 proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. Notably, CME exhibited a more significant improvement effect. RNA-Seq analysis indicated that CME ameliorates IEC-6 injury by inhibiting multiple genes and signaling pathways associated with cell damage, particularly the MAPK signaling pathway. In summary, goat milk-derived sEVs improve LPS-induced IEC-6 injury by targeting the MAPK signaling pathway, significantly restoring the intestinal epithelial barrier function, reducing oxidative stress, and alleviating apoptosis. These findings offer scientific evidence supporting the potential application of goat milk-derived sEVs as protective agents against intestinal injury.

Graphical abstract: Goat milk derived small extracellular vesicles ameliorate LPS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
23 Aug 2024
Accepted
27 Oct 2024
First published
07 Nov 2024

Food Funct., 2024, Advance Article

Goat milk derived small extracellular vesicles ameliorate LPS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway

F. Gao, X. Zhang, Z. Xu, K. Zhang and F. Quan, Food Funct., 2024, Advance Article , DOI: 10.1039/D4FO04067H

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements