Size-dependent AuNPs Plasmonic Activity for the Rational Design of Organic Reactions Catalyst

Abstract

The rational design of plasmonic catalysts encompasses the manipulation of NP size, where their effects on the overall performance in organic reactions are still poorly understood. Decreasing the metal catalyst size in nanoclusters is an emerging direction of developing more efficient and cost-effective plasmonic systems. Despite some examples of successful organic reactions driven by plasmons excited on AuNPs of different sizes, there is no consistency in size effect to catalytic activity. Here, we tested 3, 13, 22, 32, and 67 nm spherical AuNPs in the common model organic reactions. In this work, we report the discovery of a size effect of commonly used AuNPs. Smaller AuNPs are proved to be multiply more efficient in model reactions compared to larger AuNPs. Turnover frequency and quantum yield were established to describe this phenomenon and preliminary analysis showed that potential of smaller AuNPs in terms of cost and technological appeal. This is because of simple preparation procedure and reduced consumption of gold with maximum efficiency, e.g. to achieve the same TOF and QY, 67 nm AuNPs will be required in 22 times more than 3 nm. This work suggests the tool for successful utilization of plasmon catalysis in organic synthesis by minimizing expenses to energy and catalysts.