Preparation of Sm-doped CaZrO3 nanosheets for facile human serum exosome isolation

Abstract

Cell-derived exosomes from human serum are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of diseases. Rapid and effective isolation of high-purity exosomes from human serum is essential for both basic research and clinical applications. Herein, we proposed a new strategy for the simple, rapid and effective isolation of exosomes from human serum by making the best of the high affinity of Sm-doped CaZrO₃ (CaZrO₃:Sm) with the phosphate groups on the lipid bilayer of exosomes. Compared with the commercially available TiO₂, the proposed CaZrO₃:Sm achieves a higher enrichment efficiency for target proteins CD63 and TSG101. In addition, a total of 20 protein spots were identified from the human serum after enrichment by CaZrO₃:Sm. Moreover, CaZrO₃:Sm still has satisfactory enrichment efficiency after being reused 3–4 times. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the novel strategy as a forceful tool for exosome isolation for health monitoring and disease diagnosis.