A dual-catalytic nanoreactor for synergistic chemodynamic-starvation therapy toward tumor metastasis suppression

Abstract

Tumor metastasis is extremely deadly for cancer patients and developing effective treatments for deep metastatic tumors remains a major challenge. In this study, we demonstrated a dual-catalytic nanoreactor for tumor metastasis suppression by synergistic Fenton reaction activated chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and glucose oxidase (GOx) initiated starvation therapy. GOx on the surface of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles can catalyze the decomposition of intratumoral glucose to generate gluconic acid and H₂O₂, while Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a Fenton reaction catalyst can in situ catalyze H₂O₂ to produce highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (˙OH). The oxygen-carrying perfluorohexane (PFC) in the hole of the hollow structures can alleviate the hypoxic environment and promote dual-catalytic reactions. After being disguised by the cancer cell membrane, the delivery efficiency and biological safety of the nanoreactor were effectively improved. The nanoreactor can realize sequential glucose depletion and ˙OH aggregation, which effectively suppress tumor metastasis with negligible side effects.