The effect of titanium in Li3V2(PO4)3/graphene composites as cathode material for high capacity Li-ion batteries

Abstract

We report high capacity and rate capability of titanium-added Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ (LVP) as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Titanium-added Li₃V_2−xTi_x(PO₄)₃/graphene (Ti-added LVP/graphene, x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05) composites were synthesized through a sol–gel route by using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and graphene to improve the electrochemical performance. The addition of graphene and titanium significantly enhanced the electric conductivity, resulting in higher kinetic behavior of the LVP. This led to the higher specific capacity of 194 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.1 C in the potential range of 3.0–4.8 V. The effect of graphene and Ti atoms in Ti-added LVP/graphene was investigated through physical and electrochemical measurements.