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Synthesis and structures of calcium and strontium 2,4-di-tert-butylphenolates and their reactivity towards the amine co-initiated ring-opening polymerisation of rac-lactide
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
E-mail: philip.mountford@chem.ox.ac.uk
b
School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
E-mail: glen.deacon@monash.edu
c
School of Pharmacy and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
E-mail: peter.junk@jcu.edu.au
Dalton Trans., 2013, Advance Article
DOI:
10.1039/C3DT00065F
Received
08 Jan 2013,
Accepted
13 Feb 2013
First published online
14 Feb 2013
Calcium and strontium metals react with Hg(C6F5)2 and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (H-DBP) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) to give [Ca(DBP)2(THF)4] (1), [Ca2(DBP)4(DME)4(μ-DME)] (2), [Sr3(μ-DBP)6(THF)6] (3), and [Sr2(DBP)(μ-DBP)3(DME)3] (4). Compound 1 is a six coordinate trans-octahedral monomer, whereas in binuclear 2 two seven-coordinate Ca centres are bridged by a DME ligand. In 3 a central Sr is connected by three bridging DBP groups to each of two terminal Sr(THF)3 moieties, all metal atoms being six coordinate. Compound 4 has one six- and one seven-coordinate Sr, bridged by three DBP ligands, the former Sr also having a terminal DBP and a bidentate DME ligand and the latter two DME ligands. Complexes 2 and 4 act as ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) catalysts for the benzyl alcohol or benzylamine co-initiated ROP rac-lactide forming atactic alcohol- or amine-terminated polylactide H-[PLA]-XBn (X = O or NH) with reasonable control of molecular weight via an activated monomer propagation mechanism. Kinetic studies for BnNH2 found the unusual rate expression −d[LA]/dt = kp(Ae)[2 or 4]0[rac-LA]2[BnNH2]02.5 (kp(Ca) ≈ 1.7 × kp(Sr)). Preliminary studies suggest that [Y(DBP)3(THF)2] also catalyses amine or alcohol co-initiated ROP by an activated monomer mechanism without loss of a phenoxide ligand.