Morphology-controlled bilayer TiO2 nanostructures consisting of one-dimensional (1D) nanowire bottom arrays and a three-dimensional (3D) dendritic microsphere top layer were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method. These novel 1D–3D bilayer photoanodes demonstrated the highest energy conversion efficiency of 7.2% for rutile TiO2 dye-sensitized solar cells to date, with TiCl4 post-treatment.
Chemical Communications
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