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Bicyclic core estrogens as full antagonists: synthesis, biological evaluation and structure–activity relationships of estrogen receptor ligands based on bridged oxabicyclic core arylsulfonamides
Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, China
E-mail: zhouhb@whu.edu.cn
; Fax: +86-27-68759850
; Tel: +86-27-68759586
b
Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute-Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, USA
E-mail: knettles@scripps.edu
; Fax: +1-561-799-8805
; Tel: +1-561-228-3209
c
Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, USA
E-mail: jkatzene@illinois.edu
; Fax: +1-217-333-7325
; Tel: +1-217-333-6310
Org. Biomol. Chem., 2012,10, 8692-8700
DOI:
10.1039/C2OB26531A
Received
02 Aug 2012,
Accepted
18 Sep 2012
First published online
03 Oct 2012
Compounds that block estrogen action through the estrogen receptor (ER) or downregulate ER levels are useful for the treatment of breast cancer and endocrine disorders. In our search for structurally novel estrogens having three-dimensional core scaffolds, we found some compounds with a 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene core that bound well to the ERs. The best of these compounds, a phenyl sulfonate ester (termed OBHS for oxabicycloheptene sulfonate), was a partial antagonist on both ERα and ERβ. Although OBHS bears no structural resemblance to other estrogen antagonists, it appears to achieve its partial antagonist character by stabilizing a novel conformation of the ER that involves a significant distortion of helix-11. To enhance the antagonist properties of these oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane core ligands, we expanded the functional diversity of OBHS by replacing the sulfonate with secondary or tertiary sulfonamides (–SO2NR–), isoelectronic and potentially isostructural molecular replacements. An array of 16 OBHS sulfonamide analogues were prepared through a Diels–Alder reaction of a 3,4-diarylfuran using various N-aryl vinyl sulfonamide dienophiles. While the more polar secondary sulphonamides were weak ligands, certain of the tertiary sulfonamides had very good ER binding affinity. In HepG2 cell reporter gene assays, the sulphonamides had moderate potency, but they showed lower intrinsic transcriptional activity on ERα than the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) hydroxytamoxifen or OBHS, and they were inverse agonists on ERβ. Thus, the behaviour of these OBH-sulfonamides more closely mirrors the activity of full antagonists like the drug fulvestrant (ICI 182780), and their greater antagonist biocharacter appears to arise from an accentuated distortion of helix-11.
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Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry
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