Molecular basis for fungicidal action of neothyonidioside, a triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis

Ploi Yibmantasiri; Dora C. Leahy; Bede P. Busby; Stephan Andreas Angermayr; Alice G. Sorgo; Kristina Boeger; Rosemary Heathcott; Jacqueline M. Barber; Greta Moraes; James H. Matthews; Peter T. Northcote; Paul H. Atkinson; David S. Bellows

doi:10.1039/C2MB05426D

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Molecular BioSystems

Issue 3, 2012

Research interfacing chemical biology with the -omic sciences and systems biology.

Impact Factor 3.534 12 Issues per Year Indexed in MEDLINE

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Molecular basis for fungicidal action of neothyonidioside, a triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis

Ploi Yibmantasiri,^a Dora C. Leahy,^a Bede P. Busby,^a Stephan Andreas Angermayr,^a Alice G. Sorgo,^a Kristina Boeger,^a Rosemary Heathcott,^a Jacqueline M. Barber,^b Greta Moraes,^b James H. Matthews,^a Peter T. Northcote,^b Paul H. Atkinson^a and David S. Bellows*^a

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School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Kelburn, Wellington, New Zealand
E-mail: david.bellows@vuw.ac.nz ;
Fax: 64 4 463 5331 ;
Tel: 64 4 463 5438

School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Kelburn, Wellington, New Zealand
E-mail: scps@vuw.ac.nz ;
Fax: 64 4 463 5241 ;
Tel: 64 4 463 5335

Mol. BioSyst., 2012,8, 902-912

DOI: 10.1039/C2MB05426D
Received 14 Oct 2011, Accepted 14 Dec 2011
First published online 25 Jan 2012

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Neothyonidioside is a triterpene glycoside (TG) isolated from the sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis, that is potently cytotoxic to S. cerevisiae, but does not permeabilize cellular membranes. We mutagenized S. cerevisiae and isolated a neothionidioside-resistant (neo^R) strain. Using synthetic genetic array mapping and sequencing, we identified NCP1 as the resistance locus. Quantitative HPLC revealed that neo^R/ncp1 mutants have reduced ergosterol content. Ergosterol added to growth media reversed toxicity, demonstrating that neothionidioside binds directly to ergosterol, similar to the polyene natamycin. Ergosterol synthesis inhibitors ketoconazole and atorvastatin conferred resistance to neothionidioside in a dose-dependent manner showing that a threshold ergosterol concentration is required for toxicity. A genome-wide screen of deletion mutants against neothionidioside revealed hypersensitivity of many of the component genes in the ESCRT complexes relating to multivesicular body formation. Confocal microscopy of cells stained with a vital dye showed blockage at this step. Thus, we propose neothionidioside may affect membrane curvature and fusion capability in the endosome-vacuole pathway.

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Molecular BioSystems

Molecular basis for fungicidal action of neothyonidioside, a triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis

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Molecular BioSystems

Molecular basis for fungicidal action of neothyonidioside, a triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis

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