Inkjet-printed graphene-PEDOT:PSS modified screen printed carbon electrode for biochemical sensing

Abstract

In this work, a novel method for electrode modification based on inkjet-printing of electrochemically synthesized graphene-PEDOT:PSS (GP-PEDOT:PSS) nanocomposite is reported for the first time. GP-PEDOT:PSS dispersed solution is prepared for use as an ink by one-step electrolytic exfoliation from a graphite electrode. GP-PEDOT:PSS layers are then printed on screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) by a commercial inkjet material printer (Dimatrix Inc.) and their electrochemical behaviors towards three common electroactive analytes, including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺/NADH) and ferri/ferro cyanide (Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−) redox couples, are characterized. It is found that the oxidation signals for H₂O₂, NADH and K₂Fe(CN)₆ of PEDOT:PSS modified and GP-PEDOT:PSS modified SPCEs are ∼2–4 and ∼3–13 times higher than those of unmodified SPCE, respectively. In addition, excellent analytical features with relatively wide dynamic ranges, high sensitivities and low detection limits have been achieved. Therefore, the inkjet-printed GP-PEDOT:PSS electrode is a promising candidate for advanced electrochemical sensing applications.