A novel functional molecule lysine-dopamine (LDA) was successfully synthesized and explored as a universal modifier for different types of surfaces, inspired by mussel adhesive moiety dopamine and bio-functional moiety L-lysine. The universal, robust, and efficient surface modification based on LDA was achieved through a facile and cost-effective dip-coating process, confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) measurements. Meanwhile, LDA modification improved cell adhesion, promoted cell growth, and accelerated endothelialization on the substrate surface and provided plasma clot lysis activity. The results indicated that the surface biocompatibility was obviously improved by the one-step modification method for the immobilized L-lysine.