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2,5-Piperazinediones (2,5-diketopiperazines, DKPs) can be viewed as privileged building blocks for the synthesis of heterocyclic systems. This tutorial review aims at underscoring the large number and structural variety of nitrogen heterocycles that are available by suitable manipulation of DKP starting materials, including many bioactive compounds and natural products.
A tutorial review, with 53 references, of 2,5-piperazidones as starting materials for the synthesis of heterocycles. Transformations of the system via reactions of the carbonyl groups, ring opening, aza-Wittig reactions, condensations, Dieckmann cyclisations, reductions, Heck reactions, Pictet–Spengler reactions, alkylations, arylations, rearrangements etc. deliver a large variety of heterocyclic compounds with biological or pharmacological significance.
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