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Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering at Yale, Yale Chemistry Department, 225 prospect Street, New Haven, USA
E-mail: evan.beach@yale.edu
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Lycee Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Ecole Nationale de Chimie, Physique et Biologie, 11 rue Pirandello, Paris, France
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; Tel: +33 01-44-08-06-50
Green Chem., 2011,13, 321-325
DOI:
10.1039/C0GC00407C
Received
06 Aug 2010,
Accepted
22 Nov 2010
First published online
13 Dec 2010
Carbohydrate-based surfactants have long been of interest due to their desirable performance properties and their potential to be derived from renewable feedstocks. Although most carbohydrate based surfactants utilize an O-glycosidic linkage, recent advances in carbohydrate C–C bond formation allows for the facile synthesis of new classes of carbohydrate-based surfactants on a C-glycosidic linkage. Herein is described an approach that can generate a wide variety of C-glycosidesurfactants in moderate to very good yield by treating the nonulose C-glycoside intermediate first described by Lubineau et al. with pyrrolidine in the presence of an alkyl aldehyde. Depending on the stoichiometry and reaction conditions, this chemistry will result in either a linear enoneC-glycoside, or a cyclohexenoneC-glycoside, both of which demonstrate interesting surfactant properties. Further, the linear enone series can be photochemically modified or reacted with other alkyl aldehydes to generate additional analogs.
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