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A journal linking all aspects of the chemical, physical and biotechnological sciences relating to energy conversion and storage, alternative fuel technologies and environmental science.
CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Madras Unit, Chennai, India
b
Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
E-mail: shukla@sscu.iisc.ernet.in
; Fax: +91-80-23601310
; Tel: +91- 80-23603282
Energy Environ. Sci., 2010,3, 1746-1756
DOI:
10.1039/C0EE00033G
Received
16 Apr 2010,
Accepted
02 Jul 2010
First published online
09 Sep 2010
Novel mixed-matrix membranes prepared by blending sodium alginate (NaAlg) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and certain heteropolyacids (HPAs), such as phosphomolybdic acid (PMoA), phosphotungstic acid (PWA) and silicotungstic acid (SWA), followed by ex-situ cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (GA) to achieve the desired mechanical and chemical stability, are reported for use as electrolytes in direct methanolfuelcells (DMFCs). NaAlg-PVA-HPA mixed matrices possess a polymeric network with micro-domains that restrict methanol cross-over. The mixed-matrix membranes are characterised for their mechanical and thermal properties. Methanol cross-over rates across NaAlg-PVA and NaAlg-PVA-HPA mixed-matrix membranes are studied by measuring the mass balance of methanol using a density meter. The DMFC using NaAlg-PVA-SWA exhibits a peak power-density of 68 mW cm−2 at a load current-density of 225 mA cm−2, while operating at 343 K. The rheological properties of NaAlg and NaAlg-PVA-SWA viscous solutions are studied and their behaviour validated by a non-Newtonian power-law.
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Energy & Environmental Science
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