An overview of CO2 capture technologies

Niall MacDowell; Nick Florin; Antoine Buchard; Jason Hallett; Amparo Galindo; George Jackson; Claire S. Adjiman; Charlotte K. Williams; Nilay Shah; Paul Fennell

doi:10.1039/C004106H

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Energy & Environmental Science

Issue 11, 2010

A journal linking all aspects of the chemical, physical and biotechnological sciences relating to energy conversion and storage, alternative fuel technologies and environmental science.

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An overview of CO₂ capture technologies

Niall MacDowell,^a^b Nick Florin,^a Antoine Buchard,^c Jason Hallett,^c Amparo Galindo,^b George Jackson,^b Claire S. Adjiman,^b Charlotte K. Williams,^c Nilay Shah^b and Paul Fennell*^a

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Imperial College Centre for CCS, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
E-mail: p.fennell@imperial.ac.uk ;
Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 6637

Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK

Dept. of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK

Energy Environ. Sci., 2010,3, 1645-1669

DOI: 10.1039/C004106H
Received 09 Mar 2010, Accepted 26 Jul 2010
First published online 01 Sep 2010

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In this paper, three of the leading options for large scale CO₂ capture are reviewed from a technical perspective. We consider solvent-based chemisorption techniques, carbonate looping technology, and the so-called oxyfuel process. For each technology option, we give an overview of the technology, listing advantages and disadvantages. Subsequently, a discussion of the level of technological maturity is presented, and we conclude by identifying current gaps in knowledge and suggest areas with significant scope for future work. We then discuss the suitability of using ionic liquids as novel, environmentally benign solvents with which to capture CO₂. In addition, we consider alternatives to simply sequestering CO₂—we present a discussion on the possibility of recycling captured CO₂ and exploiting it as a C₁ building block for the sustainable manufacture of polymers, fine chemicals, and liquid fuels. Finally, we present a discussion of relevant systems engineering methodologies in carbon capture system design.

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