Theory and experiments of concentration polarization and ion focusing at microchannel and nanochannel interfaces†
Abstract
In this tutorial review aimed at researchers using nanofluidic devices, we summarize the current state of theoretical and experimental approaches to describing concentration polarization (CP) in hybrid microfluidic–nanofluidic systems. We also analyze experimental results for these systems and place them in the context of recent theoretical developments. We then extend the theory to explain the behavior of both positively and negatively charged, low-concentration,
- This article is part of the themed collection: From microfluidic applications to nanofluidic phenomena