Phosphonium ionic liquids: design, synthesis and evaluation of biodegradability

Farzad Atefi; M. Teresa Garcia; Robert D. Singer; Peter J. Scammells

doi:10.1039/B913057H

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Green Chemistry

Issue 10, 2009

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Phosphonium ionic liquids: design, synthesis and evaluation of biodegradability

Farzad Atefi , M. Teresa Garcia , Robert D. Singer and Peter J. Scammells

Green Chem., 2009, 11, 1595-1604

DOI: 10.1039/B913057H
Received 30 Apr 2009, Accepted 10 Jun 2009
First published on the web 21 Jul 2009

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Abstract
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The biodegradability of a range of phosphonium ionic liquids (ILs) was assessed using the CO₂ headspace test (ISO 14593). Tetraalkylphosphonium cations in which one of the alkyl substituents contained ester, ether, alcohol or alkene functionality in order to promote biodegradation were targeted. These cations were paired with halide, triflimide and octylsulfate anions. In contrast to previously studied dialkylimidazolium and alkylpridinium ILs with incorporated ester moieties and octylsulfate anions, the phosphonium ILs showed relatively low levels of biodegradability.

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¹H, ¹³C and ³¹P NMR spectra of all novel phosphonium ionicliquids
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Green Chemistry

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