Calix[4]arene methylenebisphosphonic acids as calf intestine alkaline phosphatase inhibitors

Abstract

Calix[4]arenes bearing one or two methylenebisphosphonic acid fragments were prepared via addition of diethylphosphite to the parent calix[4]arene aldehydes. The resulting compounds displayed stronger inhibition of calf intestine alkaline phosphatase than simple methylenebisphosphonic or 4-hydroxyphenyl methylenebisphosphonic acids. The action of these phosphorylated calix[4]arenes is concordant with partial mixed-type inhibition. The inhibition constants K_i and K_i′ for the calix[4]arene bis(methylenebisphosphonic) acid in Tris-HCl buffer at pH 9 are 0.38 µM and 2.8 µM respectively. The replacement of the phosphoric acid moieties on the macrocycle with diethylphosphonates results in a sharp decrease of its inhibitory action. Preorganizing phosphonic acid fragments using a calixarene platform therefore provides a promising approach for the design of efficient alkaline phosphatase inhibitors.