The nature of the chemical bond in the main group diborane(4) compounds X2B–BX2
(X = H,F,Cl,Br,I) and in the Fischer- and Schrock-type transition metal carbene and carbyne complexes and heavier homologues (CO)5W–CH2, (CO)5W–E(OH)2, Cl4W–EH2, Cl(CO)4W–EH and Cl3W–EH (E = C,Si,Ge,Sn,Pb) have been investigated with an energy decomposition analysis (EDA). The results give a deep insight into the nature of the chemical interactions. The EDA results can be used as a bridge between the heuristic models of experimental chemists which have been proven as useful ordering schemes for experimental observations and the physical mechanism which leads to a chemical bond. At the time the data give a well defined qantitative answer to the questions about the strength of the covalent and electrostatic interactions and about the contributions of σ and π electrons to the covalent bond.
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