Spectrofluorimetric determination of anthranilic acid derivatives based on terbium sensitized fluorescence

Abstract

Terbium sensitized fluorescence was used to develop a sensitive and simple spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of the anthranilic acid derivatives furosemide and mefenamic and tolfenamic acids. The method makes use of radiative energy transfer from anthranilates to terbium ions in alkaline methanolic solutions. Optimum conditions for the formation of the anthranilate–Tb³⁺ complexes were investigated. Under optimized conditions, the detection limits are 6 × 10^–9, 1.4 × 10^–8 and 9.0 × 10^–9 mol l^–1 for furosemide, mefenamic acids and tolfenamic acid, respectively. The range of application is 2.5 × 10^–8–5.0 × 10^–5 mol l^–1 for all three drugs. The method was successfully applied to the determination of furosemide and mefenamic and tolfenamic acids in serum after extraction of the samples with ethyl acetate, evaporation of the organic layer under a stream of nitrogen at 40 °C and reconstitution of the residue with alkaline methanolic terbium solution prior to instrumental measurement. The mean recoveries from serum samples spiked with furosemide (5.0 × 10^–7, 2.0 × 10^–6 and 8.0 × 10^–6 mol l^–1), mefenamic acid (3.0 × 10^–6, 9.0 × 10^–6 and 3.0 × 10^–5 mol l^–1) and tolfenamic acid (3.1 × 10^–6, 12.5 × 10^–6 and 2.5 × 10^–5 mol l^–1) were 96 ± 8, 101 ± 5 and 98 ± 7%, respectively. The within-run precision (RSD) for the method for two serum samples of each drug varied from 2 to 8% and the day-to-day precision for two concentration levels varied from 2 to 13%.