Linearity range of Gran plots for the end-point in potentiometric titrations

Abstract

Simple criteria and procedures to assess which part of a potentiometric titration curve can be used to obtain an appreciably linear Gran plot and an accurate extrapolation to the equivalence volume are discussed for one-step precipitation, complexometric, redox and acid-base titrations. Equations were derived for calculating the limiting values of the experimental parameters that prevent titration errors higher than an assigned value.